four-ridged toad
Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus
- KingdomAnimalia (Animals)
- PhylumChordata (Chordates)
- ClassAmphibia (Amphibians)
- OrderAnura (Frogs and Toads)
- FamilyBufonidae (True Toads)
- GenusIngerophrynus
- SpeciesIngerophrynus quadriporcatus (four-ridged toad)
About the four-ridged toad
Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. Its common names are long-glanded toad, four-ridged toad and greater Malacca toad. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, and Kalimantan), Sumatra, and the Natuna Islands.
Its natural habitats are swamp forests, but it has also been found on rubber plantations. It breeds in standing water. Male Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus grow to a snout–vent length of about 48 mm (1.9 in) and females to 53–63 mm (2.1–2.5 in). They have a distinct tympanum. The dorsum is dark or light brown above and on sides, usually uniform in colour, and without distinct markings. Ventral colour is yellowish brown, possibly with dark spots. Skin on top of head and body is covered with many conical spines.
Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus may be common in suitable swampy habitats, but it is not abundant. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by expanding oil palm plantations, infrastructure development, and logging. Wikipedia →
Closest Relatives at Bako National Park
Lowland Dwarf Toad
Pelophryne signata
Brown Marsh Frog
Pulchrana baramica
Copper-cheeked Frog
Chalcorana raniceps
Common Tree Frog
Polypedates leucomystax
Collett's Tree Frog
Polypedates colletti
Crab-eating Frog
Fejervarya cancrivora
_Figure_3_(cropped).jpg)
Bornean Sticky Frog
Kalophrynus meizon
Green Paddy Frog
Hylarana erythraea
Brown-Striped Tree Frog
Polypedates macrotis
Striped Stream Frog
Pulchrana signata
Borneo Grainy Frog
Kalophrynus heterochirus
Harlequin Tree Frog
Rhacophorus pardalis
Global Distribution
Where this species is recorded worldwide. Restricted to human observations from 2019 onwards — the same kind of record and the same period the probabilities on this page are built from, so collar-tracking studies, camera-trap arrays and museum specimens are excluded. Around Santa Rosa that removes 5,924 GPS fixes from a handful of tagged jaguars.
where this species is recorded (GBIF density — it tracks where observers go, not how likely a sighting is) · parks where it occurs — tap a pin for the sighting probability there
Parks Where Found
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bako National Park | 🇲🇾 Malaysia |
More parks will be added in future updates.
Quick answers
What are the chances of seeing a four-ridged toad in Bako National Park?
About 30% of wildlife watchers report a four-ridged toad sighting in Bako National Park, based on 9 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data.
When is the best time to see four-ridged toad in Bako National Park?
December has the highest sighting rate for four-ridged toad in Bako National Park in our monthly data.