San Lorenzo Protected Forest

🇵🇦 Panama

🐦 Keel-billed Toucans in the Coastal Forest
⏱ 1 day 🥾 Easy trails
🌍 #61 Global · 4.3 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ #14 in Central America #24 in Tropical Forest
Canal Zone, Panama 1048 spp. recorded

San Lorenzo Protected Forest guards 9,653 hectares of Caribbean lowland rainforest at the mouth of the Chagres River where it meets the Panama Canal. Each October, the skies above the forest fill with millions of migrating raptors — one of the greatest raptor migration spectacles on Earth.

9.239° N   79.976° W

Wildlife

SIGHTING PROBABILITY Share of citizen-science records from the park that report this species
<5%
Rare 5–15%
With luck 15–40%
Possible 40–70%
Likely >70%
Very likely
ACTIVITY PATTERN
☀️ Diurnal 🌙 Nocturnal 🌅 Crepuscular ☀️🌙 Day & Night

⭐ Iconic Species

Keel-billed Toucan ★
NT

Keel-billed Toucan

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Ramphastos sulfuratus

70–80% · Very likely
Mantled Howler Monkey ★
VU

Mantled Howler Monkey

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Alouatta palliata

30–40% · Possible
White-nosed Coati ★
LC Endemic

White-nosed Coati

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Nasua narica

Insufficient data
American Crocodile ★
VU

American Crocodile

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Crocodylus acutus

20–30% · Possible

📊 Most Spotted

Cocoa Woodcreeper
LC

Cocoa Woodcreeper

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Xiphorhynchus susurrans

70–80% · Very likely
Black Vulture
LC

Black Vulture

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Coragyps atratus

70–80% · Very likely
Orange-chinned Parakeet
LC

Orange-chinned Parakeet

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Brotogeris jugularis

60–70% · Likely
Black-mandibled Toucan
LC

Black-mandibled Toucan

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Ramphastos ambiguus

60–70% · Likely
Turkey Vulture
LC

Turkey Vulture

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Cathartes aura

60–70% · Likely
Southern House Wren

Southern House Wren

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Troglodytes musculus

50–60% · Likely
Red-crowned Woodpecker
LC

Red-crowned Woodpecker

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Melanerpes rubricapillus

50–60% · Likely
Lesser Greenlet
LC

Lesser Greenlet

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Hylophilus decurtatus

50–60% · Likely
Forest Toad
LC

Forest Toad

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Rhinella alata

50–60% · Likely
Squirrel Cuckoo
LC

Squirrel Cuckoo

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Piaya cayana

50–60% · Likely
Cattle Egret
LC

Cattle Egret

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Bubulcus ibis

50–60% · Likely
Great Kiskadee
LC

Great Kiskadee

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Pitangus sulphuratus

50–60% · Likely

⭐ Iconic Species

Mantled Howler Monkey ★
VU

Mantled Howler Monkey

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Alouatta palliata

30–40% · Possible
White-nosed Coati ★
LC Endemic

White-nosed Coati

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Nasua narica

Insufficient data

📊 Most Spotted

Geoffroy’s Tamarin

Geoffroy’s Tamarin

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Saguinus geoffroyi

Insufficient data
Dicotyles tajacu
Endemic

Dicotyles tajacu

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Pecari tajacu

Insufficient data
🐒 No photo available

Amber Fruit-eating Bat

Mammal

Artibeus ravus

Insufficient data
Central American White-faced Capuchin
VU

Central American White-faced Capuchin

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Cebus imitator

Insufficient data
Proboscis Bat
LC

Proboscis Bat

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Rhynchonycteris naso

Insufficient data
Derby's Woolly Opossum
LC

Derby's Woolly Opossum

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Caluromys derbianus

Insufficient data
Central American Spider Monkey
EN

Central American Spider Monkey

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Ateles geoffroyi

Insufficient data
Variegated Squirrel
LC

Variegated Squirrel

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Sciurus variegatoides

Insufficient data
Brown-throated Sloth
LC Endemic

Brown-throated Sloth

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Bradypus variegatus

10–20% · Possible
Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
LC

Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Choloepus hoffmanni

Insufficient data

⭐ Iconic Species

Keel-billed Toucan ★
NT

Keel-billed Toucan

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Ramphastos sulfuratus

70–80% · Very likely

📊 Most Spotted

Cocoa Woodcreeper
LC

Cocoa Woodcreeper

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Xiphorhynchus susurrans

70–80% · Very likely
Black Vulture
LC

Black Vulture

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Coragyps atratus

70–80% · Very likely
Orange-chinned Parakeet
LC

Orange-chinned Parakeet

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Brotogeris jugularis

60–70% · Likely
Black-mandibled Toucan
LC

Black-mandibled Toucan

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Ramphastos ambiguus

60–70% · Likely
Turkey Vulture
LC

Turkey Vulture

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Cathartes aura

60–70% · Likely
Southern House Wren

Southern House Wren

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Troglodytes musculus

50–60% · Likely
Red-crowned Woodpecker
LC

Red-crowned Woodpecker

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Melanerpes rubricapillus

50–60% · Likely
Lesser Greenlet
LC

Lesser Greenlet

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Hylophilus decurtatus

50–60% · Likely
Squirrel Cuckoo
LC

Squirrel Cuckoo

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Piaya cayana

50–60% · Likely
Cattle Egret
LC

Cattle Egret

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Bubulcus ibis

50–60% · Likely
Great Kiskadee
LC

Great Kiskadee

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Pitangus sulphuratus

50–60% · Likely
Clay-colored Thrush
LC

Clay-colored Thrush

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Turdus grayi

50–60% · Likely

⭐ Iconic Species

American Crocodile ★
VU

American Crocodile

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Crocodylus acutus

20–30% · Possible

📊 Most Spotted

Green Iguana
LC

Green Iguana

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Iguana iguana

Insufficient data
Humble Anole
LC

Humble Anole

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Anolis humilis

Insufficient data
Striped Vine Snake

Striped Vine Snake

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Oxybelis vittatus

Insufficient data
White-throated Gecko
LC Endemic

White-throated Gecko

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Gonatodes albogularis

Insufficient data
Dusky Giant Ameiva
LC

Dusky Giant Ameiva

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Ameiva praesignis

Insufficient data
Fer-de-lance
LC

Fer-de-lance

☀️🌙 Day & Night Reptile

Bothrops asper

Insufficient data
Lichen Anole
LC

Lichen Anole

☀️🌙 Day & Night Reptile

Anolis pentaprion

Insufficient data
Turniptail Gecko
LC

Turniptail Gecko

🌙 Nocturnal Reptile

Thecadactylus rapicauda

Insufficient data
Middle American Ameiva
LC

Middle American Ameiva

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Holcosus festivus

Insufficient data
Black-necked Centipede Snake
LC

Black-necked Centipede Snake

☀️🌙 Day & Night Reptile

Tantilla armillata

Insufficient data
Common Caiman
LC

Common Caiman

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Caiman crocodilus

Insufficient data
Green Turtle
LC

Green Turtle

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Chelonia mydas

Insufficient data

📊 Most Spotted

Forest Toad
LC

Forest Toad

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Rhinella alata

50–60% · Likely
Warszewitsch's Frog

Warszewitsch's Frog

🌅 Crepuscular Amphibian

Lithobates warszewitschii

Insufficient data
Guayaquil Dwarf Frog
LC

Guayaquil Dwarf Frog

🌅 Crepuscular Amphibian

Engystomops pustulosus

Insufficient data
Masked Tree Frog
LC

Masked Tree Frog

🌙 Nocturnal Amphibian

Smilisca phaeota

Insufficient data
Sylvia's Tree Frog
LC

Sylvia's Tree Frog

☀️🌙 Day & Night Amphibian

Cruziohyla sylviae

Insufficient data
Green and Black Dart-poison Frog
LC

Green and Black Dart-poison Frog

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Dendrobates auratus

Insufficient data

Animal Events

🐒

Howler Monkey Breeding Season

JanFebMarApr

During the dry-season breeding peak, Mantled Howler troops become impossible to miss, their thunderous dawn choruses rolling through the canopy for over a kilometer. Females carry clinging infants as tight-knit family groups move through the trees.

Mantled Howler Monkey
VU

Mantled Howler Monkey

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Alouatta palliata

30–40% · Possible
🦅

Autumn Raptor Migration Spectacle

OctNov

Rivers of Turkey Vultures and Broad-winged Hawks pour along the Caribbean side of the canal, spiraling into vast swirling kettles that darken the sky, with slender Plumbeous Kites cutting through the stream. It is one of the planet's greatest raptor migrations, funneled right overhead.

Turkey Vulture
LC

Turkey Vulture

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Cathartes aura

60–70% · Likely
Plumbeous Kite
LC

Plumbeous Kite

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Ictinia plumbea

20–30% · Possible
Broad-winged Hawk
LC

Broad-winged Hawk

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Buteo platypterus

20–30% · Possible
🐦

Neotropical Migrant Songbird Season

NovDecJanFebMar

Warblers and tanagers that nested far to the north flood into the Canal-zone forests to overwinter, with jewel-toned Chestnut-sided and Bay-breasted Warblers and flame-red Summer Tanagers foraging alongside resident species. Their arrival swells the park's already exceptional bird diversity.

Bay-breasted Warbler
LC

Bay-breasted Warbler

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Setophaga castanea

20–30% · Possible
Chestnut-sided Warbler
LC

Chestnut-sided Warbler

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Setophaga pensylvanica

30–40% · Possible
Summer Tanager
LC

Summer Tanager

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Piranga rubra

20–30% · Possible

Sighting Calendar

Chance of spotting each species, month by month

Months
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Species Total
40–50
50–60
50–60
50–60
40–50
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
60–70
50–60
50–60
Keel-billed Toucan
60–70
70–80
80–90
80–90
60–70
70–80
80–90
70–80
70–80
80–90
80–90
70–80
Mantled Howler Monkey
20–30
30–40
30–40
40–50
20–30
20–30
20–30
10–20
40–50
40–50
20–30
30–40
White-nosed Coati
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
10–20
60–70
0–10
10–20
American Crocodile
10–20
30–40
30–40
30–40
<5
20–30
20–30
10–20
0–10
10–20
20–30
10–20
Cocoa Woodcreeper
60–70
70–80
70–80
80–90
70–80
80–90
70–80
60–70
70–80
70–80
70–80
60–70
Black Vulture
70–80
70–80
70–80
70–80
60–70
70–80
60–70
70–80
70–80
60–70
80–90
60–70
Orange-chinned Parakeet
50–60
70–80
60–70
70–80
60–70
70–80
60–70
70–80
70–80
60–70
70–80
70–80
Black-mandibled Toucan
40–50
60–70
70–80
70–80
60–70
80–90
70–80
70–80
70–80
70–80
30–40
60–70
Turkey Vulture
60–70
60–70
50–60
60–70
40–50
50–60
60–70
60–70
60–70
60–70
70–80
50–60
Southern House Wren
40–50
30–40
60–70
60–70
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
60–70
50–60
Red-crowned Woodpecker
30–40
40–50
60–70
40–50
60–70
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
70–80
50–60
Lesser Greenlet
40–50
60–70
60–70
60–70
50–60
30–40
50–60
50–60
50–60
40–50
70–80
30–40
Forest Toad
40–50
70–80
30–40
30–40
30–40
30–40
40–50
40–50
40–50
90–100
20–30
60–70
Squirrel Cuckoo
50–60
50–60
40–50
60–70
40–50
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
70–80
50–60
Cattle Egret
40–50
30–40
70–80
50–60
40–50
50–60
50–60
40–50
40–50
50–60
60–70
50–60
Great Kiskadee
40–50
30–40
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
40–50
50–60
60–70
40–50
60–70
50–60
Animal Events
🦅 Autumn Raptor Migration Spectacle
🐒 Howler Monkey Breeding Season
🐦 Neotropical Migrant Songbird Season

Sighting Zones

Warm areas are where all species together are recorded most, so they track where people go as much as where animals are. For one species, see the map on its own page.

0.0 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ Excellent
🐦 Keel-billed Toucans in the Coastal Forest

Where Wildlife Score

How good is this park for seeing wildlife?
🦜

Biodiversity

Very good

How rich is the wildlife?

4.3 Global avg
4.3 ★★★★★ ★★★★★
Species by taxon
🦅 Birds
615
🐒 Mammals
224
🦎 Reptiles
144
🐸 Amphibians
65
1048 Total Species
841 Global average across 280 parks
30 Threatened 51 Endemic
🔭

Sighting

Excellent

How likely to see animals?

3.6 Global avg
4.3 ★★★★★ ★★★★★
🎯
Top-12 Avg Probability
62% Global avg
62%
📊
Coverage (246 species at ≥5% of 1048 in the inventory)
24% Global avg
23%
🔀
Taxon variety in top 12 (11 bird, 1 amphibian)
47% Global avg
20%
🔭
Species per 10 outings (distinct species a visitor would meet over 10 outings — effort held equal across parks)
132 Global avg
205
🌟
Iconic-group species (≥15%) (every species from the 19 iconic groups — monkeys, cats, toucans, macaws, sloths, crocodilians… — not just the 4 highlighted above)
14 Global avg
22
⭐
High-prob species (>40%)
26 Global avg
40
⚖️

San Lorenzo Protected Forest or ?

Compare species and sighting probabilities

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