Wood Buffalo National Park

🇨🇦 Canada

🦬 Bison Roaming the Tundra
🌍 #151 Global · 3.8 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ #14 in North America #16 in Temperate Forest
Canada, Canada 380 spp. recorded

Wood Buffalo National Park stretches across northern Alberta and the southern Northwest Territories, protecting a mosaic of boreal forest, river valleys and vast sub‑arctic wetlands. The mix of open grasslands, peat‑filled lowlands and dense spruce stands creates a setting unlike the mountainous or coastal parks further south.

59.047° N   113.035° W

Wildlife

SIGHTING PROBABILITY Share of citizen-science records from the park that report this species
<5%
Rare 5–15%
With luck 15–40%
Possible 40–70%
Likely >70%
Very likely
ACTIVITY PATTERN
☀️ Diurnal 🌙 Nocturnal 🌅 Crepuscular ☀️🌙 Day & Night

⭐ Iconic Species

American Bison ★
NT

American Bison

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Bison bison

70–80% · Very likely
Wood Frog ★
LC

Wood Frog

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Lithobates sylvaticus

70–80% · Very likely
Caribou ★
VU Endemic

Caribou

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Rangifer tarandus

Insufficient data

📊 Most Spotted

Common Raven
LC

Common Raven

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Corvus corax

80–90% · Very likely
American Robin
LC Endemic

American Robin

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Turdus migratorius

80–90% · Very likely
Common Garter Snake
LC Endemic

Common Garter Snake

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Thamnophis sirtalis

70–80% · Very likely
American Black Bear
LC Endemic

American Black Bear

☀️🌙 Day & Night Mammal

Ursus americanus

60–70% · Likely
Dark-eyed Junco
LC

Dark-eyed Junco

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Junco hyemalis

60–70% · Likely
Yellow-rumped Warbler
LC

Yellow-rumped Warbler

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Setophaga coronata

50–60% · Likely
Gray Jay
LC

Gray Jay

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Perisoreus canadensis

50–60% · Likely
White-throated Sparrow
LC

White-throated Sparrow

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Zonotrichia albicollis

50–60% · Likely
Black-capped Chickadee
LC

Black-capped Chickadee

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Poecile atricapillus

50–60% · Likely
Sandhill Crane
LC

Sandhill Crane

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Grus canadensis

50–60% · Likely
Mallard
LC

Mallard

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Anas platyrhynchos

40–50% · Likely
Chipping Sparrow
LC

Chipping Sparrow

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Spizella passerina

40–50% · Likely

⭐ Iconic Species

American Bison ★
NT

American Bison

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Bison bison

70–80% · Very likely
Caribou ★
VU Endemic

Caribou

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Rangifer tarandus

Insufficient data

📊 Most Spotted

American Black Bear
LC Endemic

American Black Bear

☀️🌙 Day & Night Mammal

Ursus americanus

60–70% · Likely
Red Fox
LC Endemic

Red Fox

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Vulpes vulpes

40–50% · Likely
Elk
LC

Elk

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Alces alces

30–40% · Possible
American Beaver
LC

American Beaver

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Castor canadensis

Insufficient data
Tamia mineur

Tamia mineur

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Tamias minimus

20–30% · Possible
American Red Squirrel
LC Endemic

American Red Squirrel

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus

Insufficient data
Snowshoe Hare
LC

Snowshoe Hare

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Lepus americanus

Insufficient data
Wolverine
LC

Wolverine

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Gulo gulo

Insufficient data
Gray Wolf
LC Endemic

Gray Wolf

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Canis lupus

Insufficient data
Canada Lynx
LC

Canada Lynx

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Lynx canadensis

Insufficient data
Muskrat
LC

Muskrat

☀️🌙 Day & Night Mammal

Ondatra zibethicus

Insufficient data
Woodchuck
LC

Woodchuck

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Marmota monax

Insufficient data

📊 Most Spotted

Common Raven
LC

Common Raven

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Corvus corax

80–90% · Very likely
American Robin
LC Endemic

American Robin

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Turdus migratorius

80–90% · Very likely
Dark-eyed Junco
LC

Dark-eyed Junco

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Junco hyemalis

60–70% · Likely
Yellow-rumped Warbler
LC

Yellow-rumped Warbler

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Setophaga coronata

50–60% · Likely
Gray Jay
LC

Gray Jay

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Perisoreus canadensis

50–60% · Likely
White-throated Sparrow
LC

White-throated Sparrow

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Zonotrichia albicollis

50–60% · Likely
Black-capped Chickadee
LC

Black-capped Chickadee

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Poecile atricapillus

50–60% · Likely
Sandhill Crane
LC

Sandhill Crane

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Grus canadensis

50–60% · Likely
Mallard
LC

Mallard

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Anas platyrhynchos

40–50% · Likely
Chipping Sparrow
LC

Chipping Sparrow

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Spizella passerina

40–50% · Likely
Northern Flicker
LC Endemic

Northern Flicker

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Colaptes auratus

40–50% · Likely
Ruby-crowned Kinglet

Ruby-crowned Kinglet

☀️ Diurnal Bird

Regulus calendula

40–50% · Likely

📊 Most Spotted

Common Garter Snake
LC Endemic

Common Garter Snake

☀️ Diurnal Reptile

Thamnophis sirtalis

70–80% · Very likely

⭐ Iconic Species

Wood Frog ★
LC

Wood Frog

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Lithobates sylvaticus

70–80% · Very likely

📊 Most Spotted

Boreal Chorus Frog
LC

Boreal Chorus Frog

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Pseudacris maculata

40–50% · Likely
Canadian Toad
LC

Canadian Toad

Amphibian

Anaxyrus hemiophrys

Insufficient data

Animal Events

🦌

Bison Rutting Season

JulAugSep

Male bison engage in dramatic rutting displays with bellowing and head-butting to establish dominance for mating rights.

American Bison
NT

American Bison

🌅 Crepuscular Mammal

Bison bison

70–80% · Very likely
🐸

Wood Frog Chorus

JunJulAug

Thousands of wood frogs gather in wetlands to breed, creating a deafening chorus of calls that fill the boreal forest air.

Wood Frog
LC

Wood Frog

☀️ Diurnal Amphibian

Lithobates sylvaticus

70–80% · Very likely
🦌

Caribou Migration

MayDec

Woodland caribou herds traverse the park's vast landscapes, with sightings peaking during spring and fall migrations, often near salt licks.

Caribou
VU Endemic

Caribou

☀️ Diurnal Mammal

Rangifer tarandus

Insufficient data

Sighting Calendar

Chance of spotting each species, month by month

Months
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Species Total
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
60–70
50–60
60–70
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
American Bison
60–70
40–50
60–70
40–50
70–80
50–60
70–80
70–80
70–80
70–80
40–50
60–70
Wood Frog
40–50
40–50
60–70
40–50
40–50
80–90
80–90
60–70
20–30
40–50
40–50
60–70
Caribou
0–10
0–10
0–10
0–10
20–30
<5
<5
<5
<5
0–10
0–10
0–10
Common Raven
80–90
80–90
80–90
90–100
80–90
80–90
90–100
80–90
80–90
90–100
80–90
80–90
American Robin
80–90
80–90
70–80
80–90
80–90
80–90
80–90
80–90
60–70
60–70
80–90
80–90
Common Garter Snake
40–50
50–60
60–70
90–100
80–90
50–60
40–50
80–90
80–90
50–60
50–60
70–80
American Black Bear
30–40
40–50
50–60
30–40
80–90
60–70
50–60
40–50
60–70
40–50
40–50
50–60
Dark-eyed Junco
60–70
60–70
50–60
60–70
50–60
60–70
50–60
50–60
70–80
50–60
60–70
60–70
Yellow-rumped Warbler
50–60
50–60
50–60
30–40
70–80
60–70
70–80
50–60
40–50
40–50
50–60
50–60
Gray Jay
50–60
50–60
50–60
40–50
50–60
50–60
60–70
40–50
50–60
50–60
50–60
50–60
White-throated Sparrow
50–60
50–60
40–50
20–30
60–70
40–50
60–70
40–50
40–50
40–50
50–60
50–60
Black-capped Chickadee
50–60
50–60
40–50
60–70
40–50
50–60
60–70
50–60
50–60
40–50
50–60
50–60
Sandhill Crane
50–60
50–60
40–50
60–70
50–60
40–50
50–60
40–50
30–40
40–50
50–60
50–60
Mallard
40–50
40–50
40–50
40–50
50–60
40–50
40–50
40–50
40–50
50–60
40–50
40–50
Chipping Sparrow
40–50
40–50
40–50
20–30
60–70
40–50
60–70
40–50
30–40
30–40
40–50
40–50
Animal Events
🦌 Bison Rutting Season
🐸 Wood Frog Chorus
🦌 Caribou Migration

Sighting Zones

Warm areas are where all species together are recorded most, so they track where people go as much as where animals are. For one species, see the map on its own page.

0.0 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ Excellent
🦬 Bison Roaming the Tundra

Where Wildlife Score

How good is this park for seeing wildlife?
🦜

Biodiversity

Very good

How rich is the wildlife?

4.3 Global avg
4.7 ★★★★★ ★★★★★
Species by taxon
🦅 Birds
304
🐒 Mammals
67
🦎 Reptiles
1
🐸 Amphibians
8
380 Total Species
841 Global average across 280 parks
17 Threatened 42 Endemic
🔭

Sighting

Very good

How likely to see animals?

3.6 Global avg
3.4 ★★★★★ ★★★★★
🎯
Top-12 Avg Probability
62% Global avg
65%
📊
Coverage (150 species at ≥5% of 380 in the inventory)
24% Global avg
39%
🔀
Taxon variety in top 12 (8 bird, 2 mammal, 1 reptile, 1 amphibian)
47% Global avg
69%
🔭
Species per 10 outings (distinct species a visitor would meet over 10 outings — effort held equal across parks)
132 Global avg
109
🌟
Iconic-group species (≥15%) (every species from the 19 iconic groups — monkeys, cats, toucans, macaws, sloths, crocodilians… — not just the 4 highlighted above)
14 Global avg
11
⭐
High-prob species (>40%)
26 Global avg
20
⚖️

Wood Buffalo or ?

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